Viral genome-based Zika virus transmission dynamics in a pediatric cohort during the 2016 Nicaragua epidemic

UC BERKELEY AUTHORS: Raquel A Binder, Fausto Bustos Carrillo, Eva Harris DATE OF PUBLICATION: October 2021 REGION: Nicaragua DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103596 SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: Nicaragua experienced a large Zika epidemic in 2016, with up to 50% of the population in Managua infected. With the domesticated Aedes aegypti mosquito as its vector, it is widely assumed that Zika virus transmission occurs

Evaluating the Validity and Reliability of the Gender Equitable Men’s Scale Using a Longitudinal Cohort of Adolescent Girls and Young Women in South Africa

UC BERKELEY AUTHORS: Kathleen Kahn DATE OF PUBLICATION: August 2021 REGION: South Africa DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-021-03436-0 SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: Inequitable gender norms and beliefs contribute to increased sexual risk behavior, and, among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW), risk of HIV acquisition. We investigated the longitudinal measurement properties of the Gender Equitable Men’s Scale (GEMS) when applied to

Perceived social support and postpartum depression symptoms across geographical contexts: Findings from the 2016 Ohio Pregnancy Assessment survey

UC BERKELEY AUTHORS: Hannah N Collins, Cassondra Marshall DATE OF PUBLICATION: February 2021 REGION: Rural Appalachia (Eastern U.S.) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/birt.12536 SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to examine the association between perceived social support and postpartum depression symptoms (PDS) and to understand how this association may differ for urban, suburban, rural Appalachian, and rural non-Appalachian

Correction to: Slum Health: Arresting COVID-19 and Improving Well-Being in Urban Informal Settlements

UC BERKELEY AUTHORS: Jason Corburn, Lee Riley DATE OF PUBLICATION: February 2021 REGION: Global South (Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, Pacific Islands, and the developing countries in Asia) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11524-020-00491-1 SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: The informal settlements of the Global South are the least prepared for the pandemic of COVID-19 since basic needs such as water, toilets,

Pre-existing T-cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 in unexposed healthy controls in Ecuador, as detected with a COVID-19 Interferon-Gamma Release Assay

UC BERKELEY AUTHORS: Josefina Coloma DATE OF PUBLICATION: February 2021 REGION: Ecuador DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2021.02.034 SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: Studies of T-cell immune responses against SARS-CoV-2 are important in understanding the immune status of individuals or populations. Here, we use a simple, cheap and rapid whole blood stimulation assay – an Interferon-Gamma Release Assay (IGRA) – to study T-cell

Emissions Measurements from Household Solid Fuel Use in Haryana, India: Implications for Climate and Health Co-benefits

UC BERKELEY AUTHORS: Kirk R Smith DATE OF PUBLICATION: February 2021 REGION: India (South Asia) DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c05143 SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: A large concern with estimates of climate and health co-benefits of “clean” cookstoves from controlled emissions testing is whether results represent what actually happens in real homes during normal use. A growing body of evidence indicates that

HIV incidence after pre-exposure prophylaxis initiation among women and men at elevated HIV risk: A population-based study in rural Kenya and Uganda

UC BERKELEY AUTHORS: Maya L Petersen DATE OF PUBLICATION: February 2021 REGION: East Africa DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1003492 SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: Oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is highly effective for HIV prevention, but data are limited on HIV incidence among PrEP users in generalized epidemic settings, particularly outside of selected risk groups. We performed a population-based PrEP study in rural

Viral hepatitis C pandemic: challenges and threats to its elimination

UC BERKELEY AUTHORS: Laura Krekulová, Radkin Honzák, Lee W Riley DATE OF PUBLICATION: February 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/jvh.13480 SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: Under the WHO plan, the global elimination of the HCV pandemic is scheduled for 2030. The burden of HCV infection in developed countries is largely borne by people who inject drugs (PWID): new infections and reinfections are

Developmental outcomes in children exposed to Zika virus in utero from a Brazilian urban slum cohort study

UC BERKELEY AUTHORS: Magelda Montoya, Athena Chin, Eva Harris DATE OF PUBLICATION: February 2021 REGION: South America DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009162 SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: The prevalence of developmental alterations associated with in-utero Zika virus (ZIKV) exposure in children is not well understood. Furthermore, estimation of the Population Attributable Fraction (PAF) of developmental alterations attributed to ZIKV has not been

Early childhood factors associated with obesity at age 8 in Vietnamese children: The Young Lives Cohort Study

UC BERKELEY AUTHORS: Tuyen Nguyen, Karen Sokal-Gutierrez, Maureen Lahiff, Lia Fernald, Susan L Ivey DATE OF PUBLICATION: February 2021 REGION: Asia DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-021-10292-z SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: Over recent decades, Vietnam has experienced rapid economic growth, a nutrition transition from the traditional diet to highly-processed and calorie-dense foods and beverages, and an increasing prevalence of childhood overweight/obesity (ow/ob).

The World Federation of ADHD International Consensus Statement: 208 Evidence-based Conclusions about the Disorder

UC BERKELEY AUTHORS: Stephen P Hinshaw DATE OF PUBLICATION: February 2021 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.01.022 SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: Misconceptions about ADHD stigmatize affected people, reduce credibility of providers, and prevent/delay treatment. To challenge misconceptions, we curated findings with strong evidence base. Many findings in ADHD are supported by meta-analysis. These allow for firm statements about the nature, course, outcome causes,

Heavy Load Carrying and Symptoms of Pelvic Organ Prolapse among Women in Tanzania and Nepal: An Exploratory Study

UC BERKELEY AUTHORS: Aybüke Koyuncu, Jillian L Kadota, Sandra I McCoy, Michael N Bates, Carisa Harris-Adamson, Ndola Prata DATE OF PUBLICATION: January 2021 REGION: South Asia & East Africa DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18031279 SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: Heavy load carrying of water, firewood, and sand/stones is a ubiquitous activity for women living in developing countries. Although the intra-abdominal pressure associated